Temporary protection as a durable solution? (TemPro)
TemPro is a collaboration between anthropologists and legal scholars in Norway, UK and Denmark that explores the effects of temporary protection in the current asylum and refugee systems.
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The full name of the project is Temporary protection as a durable solution? The 'return turn' in asylum policies in Europe (TemPro).
Following high numbers of refugee arrivals in 2015, European countries have implemented restrictive policies reinforcing the temporary nature of the protection they are willing to provide. These measures, part of a ‘return turn’ in the practice of refugee law, include granting short-term protection permits to refugees from certain groups, stricter requirements for receiving permanent residence, and regular protection reviews to identify people whose need for asylum no longer exists.
Dilemmas these policies pose for inclusion and welfare are intensified by the fact that affected refugees often come from fragile states like Somalia, Afghanistan and Syria. Return to their previous homes remains a remote possibility for most. At the same time, they retain only limited membership rights in their place of residence.
TemPro draws on an intersectional perspective to explore the implications of increased legal fragmentation of refugee protection in and across refugee law, policy, and the lives of refugees. The project further builds on and extends recent advances within migration studies that approach the temporal dimensions of migration governance.
By investigating (primarily) post-2015 developments in Norway, Denmark and the UK, TemPro adresses the following questions:
- How do changes in national and EU-level laws and policies affect the durability of residence for recognized refugees? How are policies applied vis-à-vis different refugee groups: Afghans, Somalis and Syrians?
- How does temporary protection interact with facets of the welfare state designed to promote integration? What areas of conflict exist between asylum and integration policies on the one hand, and the intention of policies and their implementation on the other?
- How does the temporary nature of their legal status affect how refugees manage the competing demands of settling in Europe and planning for an eventual return?
- Are temporary protection practices compatible with refugee and human rights law? Under what conditions?
- How do temporary protection regimes relate to states’ duties to promote durable solutions and inclusive societies under the UN Global Compact for Refugees and the Sustainable Development Goals?
The project is lead by Jessica Schultz, senior researcher at the Chr. Michelsens Institute.
From UiB, researcher Marry-Anne Karlsen and postdoctor Kari Anne Klovholt Drangsland at SKOK are part of the team.
Researchers at Coventry University og University of Aarhus are also involved in TemPro.
News
UiB news piece about the 22nd Nordic Migration Research Conference (NMR) in Bergen, 14-16 August 2024: The politics of mobility and precarity. During the conference, TemPro researchers Jessica Schultz, Kari Anne Drangsland, Sarah-Louise Mortensen, Jens Vedsted-Hansen, Narges Ghandchi and Mikkel Rytter contributed to the panel Precarious legal inclusion: Consequences of the ‘temporary turn’ in asylum policies in Northern Europe.
New article, April 2024: Schultz, Jessica & Nakache, Delphine (2024) Unsettling expectations of stay: probationary immigration policies in Canada and Norway. CMS 12, 19
Dissemination: Kari Anne Drangsland gave a lecture and talked with master students in theology and ministers at Spurgeon’s College, London. Title of the lecture: The temporary turn in asylum policies in Europe. Exploring the redemptive promise of waiting, drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Hamburg. 17.04.2024
New article, February 2024: Drangsland, Kari Anne (2024 Speaking Racism - Racionlinguistic Frontiers, Worth and Belonging in the Governing of Refugees in Norway. Geopolitics.
Book launch: In November 2023, TemPro organized a book launch for the book Paradigmeskiftets konsekvenser: Flygtninge, stat og civilsamfund called The paradigm shift in Danish asylum policy and Norwegian experiences.
New book, August 2023: Paradigmeskiftets konsekvenser: Flygtninge, stat og civilsamfund. Edited by Mikkel Rytter, Sarah-Louise J. Mortensen, Susanne Bregnbæk & Zachary Whyte. Aarhus universitetsforlag.
In February 2023, The 2022 TemPro mapping study on Norway, 'The temporary turn in Norwegian asylum law and practice' was launched at the Institutt for Samfunnsforskning's seminar 'Flyktninger og sårbarhet – Hvordan ivaretas og skapes sårbarhet gjennom norsk flyktningpolitikk og regelverk?. Jessica Schultz and Marry-Anne Karlsen participated in the seminar.
In June 2023, Jessica Schultz and Marry-Anne Karlsen led the Bergen Summer Research School course Contested childhood in the context of migration.
- Check out TemPro's resource site on interdisciplinarity in migration research here.
- Check out the TemPro researcher's two podcasts here: